Disadvantaged Health Status of Indigenous People

Disadvantaged Health Status of Indigenous People Why are indigenous people in Australia still disadvantaged with regard to health and community services? The status of Indigenous health in contemporary Australia is a result of historic factors as well as contemporary socio-economic issues (Hampton Toombs, 2013, p. 1). The deficient health stature of Indigenous Australians is a contemporary consequence of their historical treatment as Australias traditional owners and as of a result of cultural issues that impact on the acceptance of health and community services. This historical treatment and cultural issues has led to Indigenous Australians experiencing social disadvantages, significantly low socio-economic status, dispossession, poverty and powerlessness within contemporary Australian society. Previous to the invasion and colonisation by the British on January 26, 1788, the indigenous people were the carers of Australia and the Torres Strait for a period of over 60,000 years. During this time, it is suggested that Indigenous Australians lived relatively prosperous lives and enjoyed generally better health than most people living in Europe (Hampton Toombs, Indigenous Australian concepts of health and well-being, 2013). Indigenous Australians mortality was greatly affected by the considerable loss of lives caused by the direct conflict with the British and by the arrival of introduced diseases, especially smallpox. The impact of this loss extended far beyond the immediate victims of disease, affecting the very fabric of Indigenous societies through depopulation and social disruption (MacRae, et al., 2012). Traditionally, Indigenous Australians had complete freedom over all parts of their lives such as, ceremonies, spiritual practices, medicine, social relationships, management of land and law and economic affairs (Saggers Gray, 1991). Along with the impacts of introduced diseases and conflict, Indigenous Australians also experienced harmful effects related to disconnection from Country due to the spread of colonists and their subsequent political policies. For an Indigenous Australian, Country is not just physical territory but the central aspect of their identity (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Occupation and colonialism impacted far beyond the physical, as Indigenous Australians had their culture devalued, traditional food sources destroyed, and were separated from their families and in some cases entire communities were expelled. This caused separation or loss of languages, beliefs and social structures which form the fund amental basis of Indigenous cultures. The current condition of Indigenous health has been impacted negatively by the stolen generations and other past government practises and for many Indigenous Australians, the ongoing effects have created other social, emotional and physical disadvantages. These disadvantages are evident through the social determinants of health, including; economic opportunity, physical infrastructure, and social conditions that influence the health of individuals, communities, and societies as a whole. Inequalities in these are especially evident in education, employment, income, housing, access to services, social networks, connection with land, racism, and incarceration rates. In all of these factors, Indigenous Australians experience considerably lower rates than non-Indigenous Australians, with the most disturbing being that Indigenous Australians have a drastically lower life expectancy rate and overall health status, than non-Indigenous Australians. For indigenous people, the rate of chronic disease is still 2.5 times higher than that of other Australians and they die 15 to 20 years younger than those in mainstream Australia (Australian Health Ministers, 2004). More than half of these figures are caused by chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and kidney disease. The majority of these chronic diseases are preventable and while research is continuing to find ways to reduce the risk factors, issues such as smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and promoting healthy eating and active lifestyles are still major challenges in Indigenous communities throughout Australia. Healthy living choices are not easy for people living in remote communities which results in a high incidence of preventable chronic disease. Good nutrition is fundamental to the maintenance of general well-being and the prevention of sickness and disease. It plays an imperative role in pregnancy and early childhood, prevents obesity and type 2 Diabetes and can lower the risk of recurrent heart disease by up to 70%. However, remote communities face many barriers to healthy eating, including isolation, the high cost of food, the variable supply of fresh food, lack of community town infrastructure and inadequate health promotion support, are just a few of these barriers that prevent community people from being able to make healthy living choices All of these inequalities, combined with the social attitudes towards Indigenous Australians and their health in contemporary Australian society, contribute to the difficulties Indigenous Australians have accessing satisfactory healthcare. The provision of adequate healthcare for Indigenous Australians can be difficult as many service providers do not understand how Indigenous Australians view or understand health and many health services are not as user-friendly or culturally appropriate for Indigenous people as they are for non-Indigenous people. This adds to higher levels of disadvantage and a greater hesitance to utilise these services. The traditional Indigenous outlook on health is holistic. It integrates everything significant in a persons life, including land, environment, physical body, community, relationships, and law. Health is the social, emotional, and cultural well being of the whole community and the concept is therefore linked to the sense of being an Indigenous Aust ralian. Specific issues such as reducing the incidence of chronic disease requires a significantly greater effort in coordinating collective strengths, creating and delivering preventative programs and primary health care for Indigenous communities and while great work is being done, more efforts are required to reduce the high incidence of chronic disease on Indigenous people and communities. When designing and developing services to meet the needs of our Indigenous people, close collaboration and consultation with the people for whom the service will be provided is vital. It is important to remember that policies and practises of the past have had major adverse impacts on the health of contemporary Indigenous Australians, and these impacts have contributed significantly to the inequalities present in Indigenous and non-Indigenous health status. However, whilst health disadvantages experienced by Indigenous Australians are considered to be historical in origin, the perpetuation of the disadvantages relies heavily on contemporary structural and social factors. As a result of our history and because of the continuing disadvantage, our people have needs that differ from those of mainstream Australians. Therefore, it is also imperative that we acknowledge and respect the impact of events and issues in Indigenous peoples history when designing and delivering these services.

The Blue Sword CHAPTER EIGHT

On the seventh day they left their valley. Harry felt a little sad, although she thought a bit of her nostalgia was apprehension for the future. Just before they mounted, Mathin came and stood before her, with a long piece of maroon silk in his hand. Harry was wearing a long side-slashed red tunic over long full trousers of the same color, and a dark blue surcoat; she was accustomed to Hill dress now, and comfortable in it, unlike her first evening in the king's camp. â€Å"Put this on, so,† said Mathin. He gestured to his own waist; he wore a dark green sash. She looked down at herself. Mathin tossed the maroon strip over his shoulder, and pushed her hands away from her sides. He untied the brown cord she had used as a belt and dropped it as if it were trash, and wound the maroon silk twice around her waist, and tucked the ends of it away in some invisible fashion. She looked up: Mathin was wearing the fierce grin she was accustomed to seeing when they crossed swords. â€Å"One of the Hills must have a sash when she goes to the laprun trials, where it will be proved that she deserves to wear it.† He turned away to mount Windrider. Harry stood where she was a moment longer, feeling where the sash seized her lower ribs as she breathed. Then she put her hands on the pommel and cantle of the saddle and vaulted onto Sungold's back as she could now do easily; she had begun to consider if she could learn Corlath's way of mounting, which did not seem to require the use of the hands. They jogged along steadily all that day, although the pack horse was inclined to complain. It had had a soft six weeks and was not entirely equal – even with its burdens much lighter than they had been six weeks before – to keeping pace with the flint-hard war-horses. Narknon loped along beside them, dashing off into the bushes occasionally on her private business, reappearing silently ahead of them, waiting by the trail for them to catch her up. They paused for lunch and a cold supper; but they continued on in the twilight. After the sunset was gone, Harry could see a glow in the northeast. â€Å"It is a great bonfire on the plain before the City, to mark the opening of the trials tomorrow at dawn,† Mathin told her. Harry wondered if any of the other trials riders were seeing things in the flames. Her mind wanted to feel nervous and restless that night, but her well-trained body and that extra whatever-it-was sent her off to sleep before she had time to argue. At dawn when the trials were beginning, they were in the saddle again, riding easily and listening to the breeze, Harry half expecting to hear the distant clash and yell of combat. Slowly they rode all that day, that they might not arrive tired. The pack horse had given up complaining, and marched on resignedly. They rode around the edge of a gaunt grey rockface at sunset and suddenly before her was a vast field, the Hills rising sharply at its perimeter. The plain was speckled with fires, and in the swiftly falling shadows she could make out the many-legged shapes of huddled horses and huddled men, and the angular silhouettes of tents. There were too many of them; her heart jumped out of its usual location and began beating frantically against the base of her throat. She raised her eyes to the watching Hills again: surely this great flat plain was not a natural phenomenon in this rugged land? And yet what labor could have flattened the Hills so? Mathin was staring across the fires as if he would recognize the owners of the dark featureless tents even from here. She thought with his long eyes he might succeed. â€Å"Mathin, do you know how this plain came to be – has it always been here?† Mathin, still looking out over the plain, said, â€Å"There is a story that Tor met the Northerners on this plain, and held them away from the City for nine days, and the heat of that battle melted the rocks of the Hills, which made a pool; and when the pool became hard again, it was this plain.† â€Å"What happened on the tenth day?† asked Harry. But Mathin put Windrider into a trot without answering. Sungold trotted obediently behind her, his ears pricked stiffly at the scene before him. He was ready for anything Harry might ask him to do; he gave her a little confidence. But the other riders here had known of the laprun trials perhaps all their lives; perhaps they had been training for them nearly as long. Mathin glanced back at her. â€Å"We are opposite the gate to the City; you cannot see it from here. You will see it after the trials.† â€Å"Mathin.† His head turned warily back to her, anticipating a question he would not wish to answer. She saw his eyes glint in a yellow gleam of firelight. â€Å"Are there other women at the trials?† He grunted; she recognized it as relief that she wasn't going to nag him further about Tor the Just, who probably wasn't that boring if he could hold off the Northerners for nine days and melt a hole in the Hills, and Aerin and her dragons. He said gruffly, â€Å"A few. There are always a few. Once there were more.† He put Windrider forward again, and in the click of hooves she had to strain to catch his last words: â€Å"It would be a great thing for us, and for our daughters – a damalur-sol.† Damalur-sol. Lady Hero. They set up their own small and travel-stained tents not far in from the ring of Hills they had just left. She felt the drifting shadows of other Hillfolk as she rubbed Tsornin down, and when she came back to the firelight of the small blaze she had – rather efficiently, she thought, with the first of Mathin's three methods of fire-making, which simply involved the correct application of a tinder-box – started in front of their tari, there were four such shadows sitting on their heels around it. Mathin came into the light as she did, carrying his saddle. He joined the four, and after a moment's hesitation, so did she. She walked, pretending to be bold, toward a gap between elbows; and the owners of the elbows made room for her as they would for a comrade. â€Å"How goes it, my brothers?† Mathin said, and she was startled by his voice speaking to someone other than herself. One shadow shrugged. â€Å"As well as a first day ever does.† Mathin had told her that the first day was reserved for those less highly trained, who did not seek to win their sashes; she had sighed. Mathin told her, â€Å"You would find it dull work, the first day. Believe me.† Harry, after a moment, recognized the shadow as Innath, and relaxed slightly. â€Å"And how does our prodigy?† Harry blinked. It had taken her a second to remember the word prodigy, and then she was alarmed and heartened simultaneously by the our. â€Å"Prodigiously,† said Mathin, and he grinned at her. She smiled faintly back. The shadows nodded and stood up; but each one touched her shoulder and then her head as he passed behind her. The last was Innath, and his hand lingered just long enough on her hair for him to have time to murmur, â€Å"Be of good courage, prodigy,† and he too was gone. The camp awoke before dawn; the tents were pulled down, and the fires, after heating the malak and the porridge, and singeing the breakfast bread – Someday, she thought, I will teach these people about toast – were tramped out. She gave Narknon less than her usual percentage of porridge, because she would doubtless need all of her strength, unenthusiastic as her appetite was at present. She mounted and waited to be sent to her fate. All over again she missed bridle and reins, and the scabbard of her sword looked strange to her, slung on the saddle, and the small shield banged awkwardly against her thigh. Mathin, with the pack horse reluctantly following, rode up beside her. â€Å"Your way lies there,† he said, nodding in the direction of the invisible City gate. â€Å"You will find a man dressed all in red, a kysin, riding a black horse with a red saddle. Tell him your name – Harimad-sol,† he added, as if she might need prompting. Maybe she did. â⠂¬Å"He'll know who you are.† She surreptitiously hitched the shield an inch or so forward, and wiped her hands on her thighs. The leather felt clammy. Who would the kysin think she was? She couldn't even tie her own sash without help. Mathin reached out to her, pulled her face toward him, and kissed her on the forehead. â€Å"The kiss of luck,† he said. â€Å"You have no sash-bearing father or mother to give it you. Go as the Daughter of the Riders. Go.† She turned away. Innath was sitting his big grey stallion just behind her. He smiled at her, a friend's smile. â€Å"Be of good courage, Daughter of the Riders.† The morning was already hot, and the plain offered no shade; the ring of Hills seemed to hold the heat like water in a bowl. Harry found the man in red, and gave him her name; she thought he looked at her sharply, but perhaps he looked at all the laprun candidates sharply. He nodded and gave her a white rag to tie around her arm, and sent her off toward a milling mob of nervous horseflesh and even more nervous riders. She looked at them critically; there were some fine horses here, but none could outmatch her own mount, and very few could come near him. There was one big dark bay that caught her eye; she was ridden by a boy in blue who carried his shoulders and head well. Harry wondered what the other riders thought of the one in the maroon sash on the big golden chestnut. There was little conversation. There were those who gave their names to the red man and joined the ever-increasing throng here at the City end of the plain; the rest – the audience, she supposed – crowded behind barriers she could not see, that stretched from the feet of the red man's horse to the far side of the plain. Around Harry, some of the trials riders moved their horses in fidgety circles, just to avoid standing still; some looked down at themselves often, as if checking to make sure they were all still there. Harry twisted strands of Sungold's mane between her damp fingers and tried to keep her teeth from chattering. There was the dull murmur of horses' hooves, and the rush of their breathing, and the squeak of leather, the hush of cloth; and the sun overhead gazing down. To try to take her mind off the trials for a minute, she looked up, searching for some sign of the City, some path to its gate, and saw nothing but rock. It's right before my eyes and I can't see it, she thought, and had a moment of panic. Tsornin, who could read many of her thoughts by this time, flicked one ear back at her: Stop that. She stopped. Shortly before midmorning the trials began. First their weapons were taken away from them and replaced with flat wooden swords; and Harry discovered that she was much fonder of her own sword than she had previously supposed. Everyone else was settling helms on heads, so she fumbled hers loose from its straps and tied it on. It felt heavier than usual, and she didn't seem able to see around its cheek pieces clearly. Then the riders were divided into twos, threes, fives, eights. In these little groups they galloped hard to the end of that highway between spectators, wheeled, and came back. They met twos, threes, fives, eights rushing to meet them, swerved and collided; riders rolled in the dust, and horses bolted. She was not one of the former, nor Tsornin the latter. Neither was the young man in blue on the bay mare. She had a little trouble holding Tsornin back to the pace of the others; he was not over-pleased with crowds, but he did as she asked since she asked it. Those that remai ned mounted at each sweep galloped down and back again and again; and with each charge another obstacle had appeared along the highway that must be leaped or climbed over: a wall of rolled-up tents, stacked together; a fence of tentpoles; a banked heap of small stones with scrub piled on top. The first flecks of sweat broke out on Tsornin's shoulders as he gave her the slight heave she needed to hook a boot around a neighboring ankle and toss a rider to the ground. There was a little troop of twenty left mounted when the last charge ended. Harry looked around her, wondering how many had been thrown or hurt; she guessed there had been several times twenty in the beginning. A few minutes passed while the uneasy twenty walked their horses, and breathed deep, and waited. Then it was the spectators who came toward them, huddled once again at the City end of the plain; some of them were mounted, and all were carrying long wooden poles. What? thought Harry; and then a pole descended on her helmeted head, and the horse in front of her stumbled and fell at Sungold's feet. Sungold leaped over the thrashing legs as carelessly as if they were blades of grass. Harry began laying about with her wooden sword. A pole thrust itself under her knee and attempted to remove her from her saddle. Sungold switched around on his forehand, giving her her balance, and she broke the offending pole with the hilt of her mock sword. She began to feel hot and annoyed. Sweat m atted her tunic to her body, and her leather vest squeaked with it. The burning sunlight tried to push her out of the saddle even as the poles in human hands did. What is this nonsense? She used the flat and butt of her silly wooden stick and Tsornin reared and stamped and hurled himself forward. She broke a few more poles. She felt Mathin's grin pulling at her own lips. Someone thumped her sharply in the shoulder with a pole, but once again, as she lurched, Sungold slid sideways to stay under her; and she gave that pole a back-handed chop and saw it spin away from its wielder. Tsornin leaped over another fallen horse. She saw abruptly that the audience hemmed the trials riders in; if one of them pushed too near the edge of the crush, he was set on with particular ferocity and turned back. She noticed this with interest, and began determinedly to get out; but there were several hundreds to twenty – and only a few of the original twenty were still mounted. She began to feel that tide of anger she remembered from the day she had unseated Mathin – she caught somebody by the collarbone and knocked him off his horse with his own pole – and she felt that she would escape. Tsornin was backing up, mostly on his hind legs. Then he spun round, came down – one more whack with her wretched wooden blade; the hilt gave an ominous creak, but it didn't matter; she was †¦ out. The red man gave a shout. It was over. The crowd dispersed instantly, as if the red man's shout had broken a cord that tied them all together. There were several loose horses standing clear, looking embarrassed for having behaved so poorly as to lose their riders; and several limping figures separated themselves from the others and went toward them. Harry sat where she was, the hot tide ebbing, leaving just a trace of headache behind, watching the others pass around her like grains of sand sifting around a boulder. She saw Mathin from a distance; he carried a pole across Windrider's withers and there was a shallow cut over one eye that had bled down his cheek. She saw none of the other Riders. She squinted up at the sky. The Hills were black with shadows, but the sky was hard blue and she could feel the heat beating up again from underfoot. In the quiet – for, as it had been this morning, no one spoke and even the horses seemed to step softly – the heat seemed almost audible. She set Tsornin to walk himself as cool as possible. She patted his neck and dismounted, that they might walk together; he was sweating but not distressed, and he shook his head at her. She reclaimed her sword from the kysin, who saluted her. He had not saluted the laprun rider just before her. Mathin reappeared and told her she could rest awhile. His cheek was washed clean and a bit of white cloth bound over his eyebrow. â€Å"The individual matches will go on all afternoon; you will be called late.† They found a spot of shade at the edge of the plain and pulled the saddles off the horses. Mathin gave her some bread and some wet white tasteless cheese. She sucked it slowly and let it trickle down her dry throat. She felt quite calm, and wondered what was the matter with her. â€Å"Mathin, are all the trials the same? Did you gallop and bash people with a wooden stick at your trials?† â€Å"No and yes. They test your horsemanship in different ways; those who watch always have some chance to help – or hinder; and weapons of wood are safer. But the afternoon's matches are always the same, one rider against another, each with his own sword. If a kysin declares that a trials rider did badly in the general trials, he will not be permitted to ride in the individual sets.† They watched the dust clouds from the matches and the bright notches of color spinning in them; but Mathin made no move to return to that end of the plain, and Harry waited beside him, leaning on her elbows in spite of her sore shoulder. The sun was halfway down the sky when they mounted again. Sungold, for the first time since she'd known him, refused to walk, and jigged along sideways, tossing his head. â€Å"Stop that, idiot,† she hissed at him in Homelander, and he halted in surprise. Mathin turned his head and looked at her impassively. They stood at the edge of the crowd now, and watched the combatants. There were five pairs, each the center of a private war; the red man had divided into ten red men on grey or black horses. There were two red men for each pair of fighters, and one man of each pair carried a small brass bell; when the bell rang out, that conflict was ended, and the horses fell apart, and riders and mounts panted the hot air. All the laprun riders were dressed in bright colors; there was very little white and no dreary dun or grey; with the scarlet kysin, it was a very vivid scene. A bell sang out, a long gay peal, and she looked over at the finished pair. One of the riders held his sword up and shook it so the sunlight nickered on it. The other rider sat quietly, his sword on the ground at his horse's forefeet and, she noticed with a funny feeling in the pit of her stomach, his sash neatly sliced from around his waist and lying, part on his horse's croup and part on the ground. Mathin said: â€Å"It is best to take your opponent's sash. The kysin mark each blow dealt, but to cut off the other rider's sash is best. This you will do.† â€Å"Oh,† said Harry. â€Å"You may, if you wish, unhorse him first,† Mathin added as an afterthought. â€Å"Thanks,† said Harry. â€Å"But you must not draw blood, for this is a sign of clumsiness. Baga, we call one who cuts his opponent during the laprun – baga, butcher. It is skill we look for. This is why no armor is allowed in the individual matches.† â€Å"Of course,† said Harry. Mathin grinned at her. â€Å"Of course. Is this not what I have been teaching you?† He watched the next pair of riders salute each other; and another bell from another pair rang; each of the five bells spoke a different note. â€Å"The trials go back many generations – once they were held every year, but there are no longer enough of us in the Hills to make up the number; we have them every three years now, since Corlath's father's day. â€Å"The sash-cutting – churakak – is a duel of honor that is as old as Damar; far older than the laprun trials themselves, although few meet the churakak outside the trials any more. â€Å"Aerin,† he added thoughtfully, â€Å"met the churakak several times. Her red hair no doubt made her quick-tempered.† â€Å"Harimad,† barked a kysin; and Tsornin jolted forward before Harry had registered her name. She was set facing a boy in a green robe and yellow sash; the kysin said, â€Å"Begin,† and Harry feinted Tsornin to the left, back, forward, and the boy's sword fell to the ground, and his yellow sash fluttered down to cover it. A bell rang. Harry was a bit taken aback. The kysin waved her aside. Tsornin flattened his ears; he was not interested in boys who did not know what they were doing. Next Harry removed a dark orange sash from around a sky-blue robe; and then a white sash from a purple robe. Harry began to feel as irritable as her horse, and with each cry of â€Å"Harimad† the two of them turned and stood and attacked and wondered when the real thing would begin. Harry began unhorsing her opponents before lopping off their sashes just to give herself something to do. The Hills' shadows began to creep toward the feet of the charging dancing horses, and the lowering sun flicked dangerous gleams from the shining sides of swords and into opponents' eyes. Tsornin was dark with sweat, and foam streaked his sides, but he slowed not a whit, and it seemed to Harry that they were galloping down a long hall of statues with swords held stiffly in raised hands, waiting for her to lean languidly over Sungold's neck and knock their loose sashes off. All five bells rang at once as the green sash fell off the point of Harry's sword to the ground, and she looked around and realized that she and her latest opponent were the last to finish. It was nearly twilight, and she was surprised that they had gone on so long. Now that she stopped to think about it, it was rather hard to see; it was as though dusk had fallen on them as soon as they stood still. Tsornin's nostrils were wide and red as he turned his head. She looked where he was looking. A big dark horse stood as if waiting for them. Harry blinked and stared; the other horse tossed its head. Was he bay or black? There seemed to be something wrong with her eyes; she raised one arm and rubbed them against her grimy sleeve, and looked again, but the horse and rider still shimmered in her sight, a shimmer of darkness instead of light. The tall rider was muffled in a shadowy cloak that fell over his mount's shoulders and past his boot tops; he shrugged it back to show a white tunic an d a red sash. The horse fidgeted sideways, and a bay glint showed along its dark flank. The lapruni and the audience moved to form a ring around them, the shadowy bay and Tsornin. The silence after the pounding hooves, the grunts and thumps and crashes, was unearthly; and the sun sank farther behind the Hills. The first breath of the evening wind crept out of the Hills; its cool finger tapped Harry's cheek, and it felt like fear. A torch appeared, held aloft by one of the ring, someone on horseback. Then another torch burst into fire, and another, and another. The beaten ground between Harry and the silent rider at the other end of the circle swam in the flickering light. Then the brass bells rang again, like the sound of Outlander cannon in Harry's ears, and Sungold came to life, and neighed, and the bay answered. Harry did not know if the match lasted a long time or a short time. She knew at once that this swordsman, behind the scarf wrapped around his head and face so that only his eyes showed, could have dismembered her whenever he liked. Instead he drew her to attack him, opening his defense to attract each of the many moves Mathin had taught her, as if he were a schoolmaster hearing her lessons. It was so easy for him that Harry began to feel angry, began to clear a tiny space in her mind to think of some plan of her own; and her anger rose, and gave her a headache till the torchlight was red with it, but she did not care, for she knew by now that it gave her strength. Strength she needed, for she was tired, and her horse was tired, and she could see that the bay was fresh, and could feel up her arm as the swords met that the rider did not exert himself to resist her. But her rising anger lifted her and invigorated Sungold, and she began to harass the bay stallion's rider – if only a little, still a little. She pressed forward and the bay gave way a step or two, and the crowd gasped; and with a quick and merry slash the tip of her sword caught the scarf bound round the rider's face and tore it up from the chin. She misjudged by the fraction of a hair; a single drop of blood welled up from the corner of his mouth. She stared at it, fascinated, as she felt her sash slip down her legs in two pieces and lie huddled on the ground, for the face belonged to Corlath.

Essay about The Gaming Stereotype - 1039 Words

The term â€Å"gamer† tends to be synonymous with â€Å"geek† in many people’s minds. They see gaming as a device that absorbs the majority of the time of the user, leaving them as mindless empty, pale husks with no ambitions other than beating that next boss or shooting the enemy in the face. However, few gamers waste their life away. On the contrary, many of these so-called geeks tend to be more social than the average person, and farther down the technological curve than most. For the truth is that gaming is a rather useful and beneficial hobby. It gives people an outlet to focus on, and can connect them with many others worldwide. It can teach and entertain at the same time, and can be a useful distraction at other times. In this essay then,†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, this stereotype has not held an accurate view for years; while gaming has become a more mainstream activity, the stereotype has become much less prevalent. Speaking through perso nal experience, and the experience received by others in the community, few people play games on such a frequent basis to become pale. Most people, as social beings, cannot live a solitary, single layered life, staring at a bright screen. Yes, a few people exist who call themselves â€Å"gamers† also exhibit this stereotype, but that quantity constantly and consistently approached, and will approach, insignificance. Most lead multi-layered lives, using gaming as one form of entertainment and time-sync out of the many that make up the average day of the person who plays games Our society today has a very well established connection worldwide; a person only needs to pick up a cell phone, turn on the computer, or turn on the TV to communicate with many others around the world. Our world exists and operates as it currently does due to this vital and powerfully established connection. Furthermore, at its current state, gaming requires this all-encompassing connection. Gamers constantly stay connected to the internet and to the many other gamers in the world. They communicate often, both friendly and competitively. Yes, those other gamers they converse and interact with belong to the same community as themselves, yet the root of social networking, a major part of young adultShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Children890 Words   |  4 Pages Barnhill can’t wait to get home to play his favorite video game that always made him feel better. He knows that he will be able to escape all the horrible thoughts about the day he had at school. Barnhill is not the only person that uses video gaming as an escape from life. Many people play video games for many different reasons. According to the Pew Internet American Life Project survey, in 2008, 44% of gamers report that they play video games because it helps to learn about a problem in societyRead MoreVideo Games : Video Game More Than Women1186 Words   |  5 Pageshobby to play. Not many video gamers would pay attention to characters such as their role or development because of the enjoyment of playing computerize gaming consoles like Nintendo and PlayStation. One offensive pattern that has been cycling through in gaming is how women characters are presented. Females in video gaming are sexualized across the gaming media and are used as a key factor of a selling success in the market. Women are objectified as objects, rewards and as sexual entertainment. ThatRead MoreVideo Games And Its Impact On The Global Media Market1655 Words   |  7 Pages A videogame is an electronic device which involves utilizing user interface to create optic feedback. They can be enacted on a multitude of platforms, such as computers, video gaming systems, and even cell phones. Having spread to all these electronics, playing video games has never been easier. The International gaming industry was valued at $45 billion in 2007 and $69 billion in 2012. Making it the fastest growing industry in the global media market.(Video Game Industry.) According to the EntertainmentRead MoreEssay on Video Games: Good or Bad?1112 Words   |  5 Pagescaffeine (almost three times more), which, in the case of our stereotype, would cause him to sacrifice sleep, a vital mental resource, in order to play games. Desai also found that female gamers tended to have a slightly higher than average body mass index (BMI), however, male gamers and their BMI seemed to be unrelated. Overall, male gamers tended to display a neutral correlation between video games and heath whereas â€Å"among the girls, gaming was associated with modestly lower risk of depression andRead MoreThe World Of E Sports1574 Words   |  7 Pagesfans, is part of the mainstream culture of gaming. Gaming started in 1972 when Pong was introduced on an arcade platform. A new form of entertainment was created and its popularity quickly evolved gaming into a new subculture. Further advancements in newer and better platforms lent to the beginning of consoles, which could be en joyed in one’s own home. As more computers became commonplace in homes, developers created a new form of gaming known as PC gaming. Since their introduction, PC and consoleRead MoreSexism in the Minds of the Youth Essay917 Words   |  4 Pagesracist and sexist with no appreciation for humanity or the things that make us human. Certain things can be done to prevent the rising trends among video games and their effect on peoples minds. New gaming companies are being established daily to further the cause of women as gamers Game Jam is the newest gaming festival to hit canada focused on making games equally exciting for all genders. Works Cited ANRED: Muscle Dysmorphia. ANRED: Muscle Dysmorphia. ANRED, n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2013. http://wwwRead MoreAn Interview with a Video Gamer Essay558 Words   |  3 Pagesthose stereotypes. He knows it’s unpopular to be a nerd—described by Rachel Hartigan Shea of the Washington Post as, â€Å"Clad in too-short, too-tight pants, armed with a pocket protector, glasses firmly taped together and pimples unpopped† (1). Wong responds to these assumptions with proud confidence, â€Å"Everyone is different.† According to him, passion for playing video games isn’t a typecast. Gamers are not how the stereotype says they are. In America, it’s a common thought that many gaming men andRead MoreWhat Society Think of Gamers1828 Words   |  7 Pagesas an amount of common stereotypes. These always come from somewhere, often stereotypes are born from the most noteworthy individuals or actions of a community, because the most negative things always have a greater impact it makes people have wrong impressions of gamers and weird stereotypes, giving an extremely twisted and warped idea of the community as a whole. What does society think about gamers? What do they know or think they know about gamers? Stereotypes People still cling toRead MoreGaming and its Benefits1482 Words   |  6 PagesGaming and its benefits â€Å"You are wasting our time in front of those computers, throwing away our life as we are not getting anything back.† I would hear this every time coming from my parents as I reach for the power button of my laptop. It seems like with the growing belief, â€Å"time is something priceless†, we need not to spend time on wasteful things such as video games. But, why video games receive such an outrage from the people in the first place? Probably because of its long history associatedRead MoreVideo Games : The Video Game Industry1574 Words   |  7 Pagesspending over $22 billion dollars on the gaming industry in 2014 (association, 2015). This popularity brings the opportunity to produce a stream of games that continue to expand in their nature and impact on their audience. Video games are now artistic, social and collaborative, with many allowing massive numbers of people to participate simultaneously (htt). The collaboration of the video gaming industry doesn’t stop at the multiplayer options, or online gaming forums, but has surpassed that and has

The Reconstruction Plan For The United States - 1918 Words

Sean Gao AP US History Mr. Gold Due: September 8th, 2015 The Reconstruction Plan As the Civil War rages on, the question remains, what is next for the United States of America after the North wins? How do we address all the issues for which we went to war for? How do we deal with the people who tried to split our great country into two? Unifying the United States is not going to be an easy task, as the rift between North and the South is enormous, and many differences exist between the two factions. However, I believe that through compromise, perseverance, and communication, the United States can truly be united once again. Confederate states will be let back into the Union after they prove their loyalty. All Confederate generals will be†¦show more content†¦While this may seem as though it infringes upon our first amendment rights, the Confederacy is a rebel group that betrayed the United States by attempting to separate and create their own country, which makes them susceptible to treason charges. After 75% of the population sign the contract, the sta te government then must pay a fee greater than 3500 dollars, but no more than 10000 dollars. This money will be used to fund projects that will both help unify the North and South, and rebuild the property that was damaged throughout the war. The specific monetary amount will be determined through the state’s population, by multiplying the population value by .5%. Contrary to the 3/5ths compromise, all slaves will now be counted as whole people and will retain full voting rights. After the state has completed the two steps, they may reenter the Union with a majority vote from Congress. This is guaranteed to ensure loyalty, as a state that is not loyal will most likely not go through all the trouble. After a state has proven its loyalty, all property held by Union soldiers that belonged to the Confederates will be returned immediately, and no property will be confiscated at all. This is to ensure the quickest return to a normal life as possible, with little government interve ntion. While states have a route to regaining membership as a Union state, military officials and soldiers have a different

God Is Dead By Friedrich Nietzsche And The Art Of Happiness

The decline in religion does not surprise me seeing how the view of it has changed over time among millions of people. Religion is a common theme in â€Å"God is Dead† by Friedrich Nietzsche and â€Å"The Art of Happiness† by The Dalai Lama. Nietzsche’s main argument is that religion has been a nuisance and he is glad that the decline of it had begun. He sees the decline as a chance for people to freely think with no barriers and many new opportunities are possible because of it. The Dalai Lama argues that everyone and anyone has the right to believe in whatever they want or nothing at all, as long as it makes them happy. He also says people should understand and respect each others choices and not treat anyone inferior based solely on their beliefs while Nietzsche believes no religion at all is better. In â€Å"God is Dead†, Nietzsche celebrates the decline in religion. He mentions it in the second paragraph where he says, â€Å"The greatest recent event —that â€Å"God is Dead†, that belief in the Christian God has become unbelievable—is already beginning to cast its first shadows over Europe† (Nietzsche God is Dead). He uses the phrase â€Å"the greatest recent event† which immediately shows his stance. The Dalai Lama believes in something he calls â€Å"a spiritual dimension in our life†. He isn t against religion like Nietzsche is but believes people have the right to choose their path in life whether or not religion is included. The Dalai Lama would not see the decline in religion as a celebratory factShow MoreRelatedComparing and Contrasting the Philosophies of Nietzsche and Plato1896 Words   |  8 PagesChelsea Long Philosophy 100-005 Prompt 2 Final Essay Even though they were separated by thousands of years, hundreds of miles, and different cultures, the philosophical views of Friedrich Nietzsche and Plato can be examined and weighed against each other in many different ways. Friedrich Nietzsche, born in 1844, was a German philosopher whose main goal was to erect a new image for the people and to create a free spirit in them. Plato, born in 427 B.C., was a Greek philosopher whose main goalRead MoreNietzsches critique of Plato and Christianity2437 Words   |  10 PagesDate: 16/9/13 Number of Words: 2,150 â€Å"God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed him. Yet his shadow still looms. How shall we comfort ourselves, the murderers of all murderers?† (Nietzsche, 1882, 1887, s. 125).This is one of many renowned and influential quotes devised by the prolific German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. A lover of Greek myths and a philologist by trade, Nietzsche expounded his controversial philosophy with an iron fist criticizing PlatonismRead MoreShakespeares King Lear vs. Tuesdays with Morrie1495 Words   |  6 PagesJudaism, Buddhism and Platonism (Flynn). The essence of existentialism is authenticity of experience, asking the philosopher to undergo deep introspection. However, existentialism is perhaps most famous for its probing questions about what Friedrich Nietzsche called the tension of the soul, (2). Known colloquially as existential angst, the tension of the soul, search for meaning and purpose in life has characterized personal and collective identity formation in t he twentieth century. Books likeRead More Philosophy and Religion - Are they Compatible? Essay3652 Words   |  15 PagesReligion - Are they Compatible? The death of God. Just the sound of the phrase makes it seem like a scary event, one that would change the life of everyone involved. The idea of the death of something implies that it did, at one time, have life or vitality. Friedrich Nietzsche uses this phrase to make a point, to define an event, which signifies the last mans life as pathetic. Perhaps we realize that God is not dead; perhaps our belief in God is so sure, that even contemplating NietzschesRead MoreEssay about Nietzsche, Kundera, and Shit2923 Words   |  12 Pages Friedrich Nietzsche saw himself surrounded by a world of human constructs. Humanity had become a herd, clinging to these concepts like cattle grazing at a favorite patch of grass. Individual identity struggled to exist. The morality of the mediocre reigned supreme. Nietzsche lived in a dead world. Milan Kundera lives in the world today. His world is dead much like Nietzsches. Denial is the focal point of society. Society assimilates difference and denies what cannot be assimilated. In hisRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pagesthat humanity must live in a world that is and will forever be hostile or indifferent towards them. The universe will never truly care for humanity the way we seem to want it to. The atheist view of this statement is that people create stories, or gods, which in their minds transcend reality to fill this void and attempt to satisfy their need. * The philosophy that encompasses the absurd is referred to as  absurdism. While absurdism may be considered a branch of existentialism, it is a specificRead MoreReligion Is Poison8248 Words   |  33 PagesWhat they have in common are followers who do not question the ideology based on their belief (or fear) that their leader is infallible (whether God or human) and abandon their ability to reason... and therein lies the danger.1 If religion has to do with how we relate to God, then Buddhism, Confucianism is left out because they have little to say about God. We may look at the language below to see the conundrum. Muehlhauser2 noted an ideal type of religion includes: 1. Interaction with the supernaturalRead Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words   |  79 PagesPerspective, and Values 2 Humor’s Contribution to Wisdom 4 Humor and Wisdom in Europe: Some Highlights 5 Renaissance Humor: Erasmus, Rabelais, Cervantes, Shakespeare 5 Two European Russians: Anton Chekhov and Vladimir Soloviev 9 Reflections on Humor from Nietzsche to the Theatre of the Absurd 12 Humor and Wisdom in the United States: Lincoln, Beecher, Twain, Sandburg, and Buchwald 17 From The Times (of London) obituary on him (January 19, 2007) that mentioned his â€Å"wit and wisdom† in its title, available atRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pagessinger-songwriters worldwide, and demanded of artists and musicians that they address the moral quandaries and conflicts of the times they live in instead of burying their heads in the sand. P a g e | 13 Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) â€Å"Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know.† â€Å"Write drunk. Edit sober.† Summary: Ernest Hemingway was a profoundly gifted American writer whose adventurous and troubled life seemed a reflection of the characters and stories he wroteRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesNikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management:

The History of the Singer Sewing Machine Free Essays

The Singer Sewing Machine| Historical Project Research| | Sarah Clark| 9/12/2010| Engineering 1000 Instructor: Dr. Tzu-Yu Wang | The sewing machine is basically a textile machine. It is used for stitching together things such as fabric, paper, card, or other material with some type of thread. We will write a custom essay sample on The History of the Singer Sewing Machine or any similar topic only for you Order Now The sewing machine needed to be something that was functional and compact. It would need to be something that was simple to use and be able to sew faster and more efficiently then hand sewing was. Up until the time that the sewing machine was invented, women would spend great amounts of time sewing.Women would have to hand sew everything, clothing for themselves and their families as well as household items. Women also formed the majority of the labor force that sewed clothes in factories and wove fabrics in mils. The invention of the sewing machine essentially liberated these women from spending many hours a day sewing. The first patent related to the sewing machine was for the double pointed needle. In 1775 Charles F. Weisenthal, a German mechanic, was granted the patent for this needle.The patent itself described a needed for use in a machine, but did not elaborate on what the machine looked like or if one even existed. The patent itself was never put to use during Weisenthal’s lifetime. There were several attempts at creating a sewing machine. In 1790, the first workable sewing machine was invented and patented by a British inventor named Thomas Saint. This machine never made it past the patent model stage. In 1830, Barthelemy Thimonnier, a French tailor, got a patent for the first practical, sewing machine. By 1841, almost 100 of his machines were being used, in a factory, to sew uniforms for the French army. Walter Hunt, the inventor of the safety pin, had an idea for a double-thread sewing machine. Sometime in 1834, he devised a machine that used an eye-pointed needle in conjunction with a shuttle carrying a second needle. He gave up on the project thinking that it would put poor seamstresses out of much needed work. He never bothered to get a patent. In 1846, Elias Howe, from Massachusetts, patented a sewing machine that had a grooved, eye-pointed needle and shuttle.When he was unsuccessful selling this machine in the America he went to England and adapted it to work for a corset maker. When he finally returned to America, he found that other manufacturers were selling several sewing machines, and that they were infringing on some part of his patent. Isaac Singer never claimed to have invented the sewing machine. Instead he improved on what was already out there. It took him 11 days and forty dollars to create the improved sewing machine. He made many changes, part of which was based on Howe’s work.He created the first machine where the needle went up and down, instead of side-to-side like the previous versions. He also changed the hand crank that was used to a foot treadle. Like Howe’s work, the Singer machine used the same lockstitch. That stitch was part of Howe’s patent. As a result, Howe sued Singer for patent infringement. During the suit, the I. M. Singer Corporation researched the Hunt machine and had an inventor rebuild one. They attempted to use this rebuilt machine to break the Howe patent. The plan did not work. Howe ended up winning the lawsuit and received royalties on his patent.Singer and other companies ended up paying Howe. By the time Howe died in 1867, he was collecting more than four thousand dollars a week and had already procured about two million in royalties. According to the official Singer Sewing machine website, within two years of Isaac Singer forming the I. M. Singer Corporation, they became the leading manufacturer and marketer of sewing machines in America. By 1855, Singer became the world’s first international company. They had offices and manufacturing plants in New York and Paris. They also originated the idea behind installment payments.In 1863, they held 22 patents and had assets of $550,000. They were selling roughly 20,000 sewing machines a year. Needless to say Singer Manufacturing Company, which it was now known, continued to grow; opening offices and factories in numerous places around the world including Germany, Brazil, Scotland, Indiana, New Jersey, England and Britain. The sewing machine was never a government or major company project. It was all done by individuals. Therefore, the funding for the sewing machine came from the people who were trying to create a working one or an improved model.It was up to the individual to market and sell his or her own product. In the latter half of the 19th century there were well over 200 sewing machine companies, each with several models of sewing machines. Most of these companies made sewing machines for the home, but a few made machines specifically for commercial use. There were also companies that made both. There were many considerations when designing the sewing machine. The sewing machines designed for commercial use had to be designed to be rugged, mostly made from things like cast iron.They were designed to be used constantly. The machines designed for home use were lighter, but still as capable as the more rugged machines. There was a large market for these lighter machines. The different machines usually were accompanied by tabletops, made from solid wood. They also had decorative cast iron legs. Depending on if the sewing machine was going to be used for commercial or home use determined how the sewing machine was going to look and whether it was designed to be in constant use or not. Aside from determining if the sewing machine would be used for commercial or home use, the sewing machine engineer had to consider many factors. Some of those factors include needle type, thread type, what type of stitch it produces, some sort of device to form the specific stitch, and it had to have some type of support for the cloth. There also had to be a mechanism to allow one stitch to follow the previous one, a tension control and something to make sure the sewing machine did what it needed to in the correct sequence without error.Although engineering disciplines were not as defined as they are today. Several disciplines were involved in the creation of the sewing machine. Mechanical engineering was involved in the creation of the mechanical parts used to make the sewing machine do its job. Some sewing machines used a type of pulley system to function; textile engineers designed the rope used in this pulley system. Metallurgical engineers were involved in the process of developing the cast iron used for the sewing machine itself as well as the decorative legs on home sewing machines.In addition, once electricity was introduced, electrical engineers were used to create the wiring system. The sewing machine greatly changed the way our society functions. Without the sewing machine, the world would be a very different place. Like the car, the cotton gin and countless other innovations from the past 300 years, the sewing machine takes something time-consuming and laborious and makes it fast and easy. With the invention of the mechanized sewing machine, manufacturers could suddenly produce piles of high-quality clothing at minimal expense.Because of this, the vast majority of people in the world can now afford the sort of sturdy, finely stitched clothes that were a luxury only 200 years ago. Industrial sewing machines have made many products affordable and readily available. Home sewing machines have introduced the joys of sewing and embroidery as a craft. With the advance of the way sewing machines interact with technology, there is no telling where the future of the sewing machine will lead us.Works CitedAlef, Daniel. Isaac Merritt Singer: Sewing Machines and Sewing Seeds. Santa Barbara: Meta4, 2007. E-Book. Cooper, Grace Rogers.The Invention of the Sewing Machine. Washington, D. C. : Smithsonian Institution, 1968. E-Book. Cooper, Grace Rogers. The Sewing Machine: Its Invention and Early Development. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1976. Print.†SINGER ® SEWING CO. | Company Information. † SINGER ® SEWING CO. | Home. Web. 14 Sept. 2010. http://www. singerco.com/company/.†Sewing Machines. † Machine-History. Com. Web. 14 Sept. 2010. http://www. machine-history. com/THE SEWING MACHINEgt;. How to cite The History of the Singer Sewing Machine, Papers

Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte Persuasive Essay In Charlotte Bronte Jane Eyre, the main character faces many struggles. One ofthe struggles she faces is the temptation to run away with the man she loves andbe his mistress or to marry a man who offers her the contrary where it would bea legal and highly respectable marriage but with no genuine love. Jane Eyrereturns to Rochester because she values love and passion more than reason andwhen she hears his mysterious voice calling for her, she is also sure thatRochester and her share a spiritual link. Jane must decide between two men whohave similar characteristics but are offering her almost exact oppositerelationships. Jane must decide between reason and passion which is on of themain themes in the novel. The characteristics of the two men, who propose toJane, conjure and symbolize the themes in Jane Eyre. Although, Rochester and St. John offer Jane entirely different relationships both men are noticeably selfishand disregard Janes feelings to some degree. Both men are strong-willed,powerful, and stubborn about their ways of thinking and living. This isespecially seen in St. John as Jane describes her cousin as being as stiffabout urging his point as possible. They believe that want they do is in thebest interest of Jane and use unfair methods to tempt Jane into going againsther own morals. Rochester tries to convince Jane to run away with him by usingthe tragic story of his marriage to Bertha Mason. His story makes Jane feelsympathetic and only makes her work more difficult. Rochester turns toemotional blackmail when Jane still resists him. He tries to use her affectiontowards him to his advantage by accusing her of pushing him back on lust fora passion vice for an occupation. He questions her on whether it isbetter to drive a fellow-creature to despair than to transgress a mere humanlaw? St. John, on the other hand, is far more convinced that he knows whatis truly best for Jane. His plan for her is moral and appeals to her loyalty andidealism about God. He claims her not for pleasure but for hisSovereign service. But Jane must refuse him too because of her strongbelief in that there must be love between two people for them to unite inmarriage. St. John does not understand Janes passionate nature, for himpassion is an earthly emotion which must be put aside so that God can be served. He, himself, sacrifices his love for Rosamond Oliver because he thinks she wouldnot make a good missionarys wife whereas Jane would but he does not trulylove her. St. John uses his own ways to try to manipulate Jane but he does alsotry to use her affection towards him to his advantage. Unlike Rochester, St. John uses religious arguments to try to convince Jane to marry him. He tells herthat her rejection is not of him but of God. He believes it is the cause toGod he advocates and it is under His standard that he enlists Jane. ButJane states that she could never marry a man who is as cold as an icebergand has no more of a husbands heart. She scorns the counterfeitsentiment he offers to her and scorns his idea of love. When hisforceful attempts fail, he changes to a gentle tone which almost wins over Janebut in her confusion and sadness is when she hears Rochesters voice call outfor her. Rochesters voice is speaking in pain and woe, wildly, eerily,urgently which sends Jane heading back to Thornfield. This time, it is notJanes conscience but her passion and love for Rochester which convinces herto not marry St. John. Jane returns to Thornfield stronger morally andspiritually than before and finds that Rochester has changed for the better. .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 , .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .postImageUrl , .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 , .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:hover , .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:visited , .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:active { border:0!important; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:active , .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3 .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u374ba627c5052c172126166ff328cdd3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Society Without Communication EssayBoth characters have changed through the novel after suffering through hardshipswhich indicates they should be together. Jane gradually matures through thewhole novel but the most significant stage is after she leaves Thornfield. Shelearns her hunger and her need for shelter are her problems. Unlike herexperiences at Gateshead and Lowood, Jane handles herself in a much moredignified manner when she arrives at the Moor House. Jane proves the housekeeperwrong by answering in a civil manner when the housekeeper believes Jane is abeggar. Jane learns to accept responsibility for herself and her actions. Rochester changes after the fire and he now turns to God and has begun to saybrief prayers. Jane, in refusing Rochester, has satisfied her conscience inobeying the law given by God: sanctioned by man. And in refusing St. John, she has satisfied her instinctive feeling that a loveless marriage is ablasphemy. Without violating her beliefs, Jane has won her struggle. Her wishfor love and satisfaction comes true when she is with Rochester. They have ahappy marriage because they are able to achieve a balance between passion andreason. English Essays